Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal)

Opportunities of Natural Plant Materials as Alternative Antibacterials in Drinking Water Disinfection: Review Article

Rahwan Ahmad — 2025-06-26

Various efforts to kill pathogenic bacteria in water with safer and more economical disinfectants continue to be pursued. The presence of antibacterial agents in plants can be a promising alternative to natural disinfection. This review discusses the use of natural materials as safer and more economical alternative disinfectants in the water disinfection process. Methods, This is a narrative review using sources from the ProQuest database. The key terms “Extracts AND Plants AND "Natural Compounds" AND "secondary metabolites" AND Antibacterial AND Pathogens AND water AND Escherichia coli” were used. Of the 45 studies found during the search phase, 12 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Results, This study shows that natural Plant Extracts have many uses not only as food ingredients but also as protection against various infectious diseases. Plant extracts as natural ingredients have active antibacterial compounds such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and phenols which are sourced from seeds, flowers, leaves, bark and roots. Active compounds in plants can reduce or even eliminate pathogenic bacteria in water. Conclusion, Natural plant extracts have compounds that can kill pathogenic bacteria in water. Further studies on the use of natural plant extracts need to be carried out as alternative water disinfection materials that are easy to obtain, safe and economical.

Hubungan Kadar Kolesterol Dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Di Persatuan Wredatama Republik Indonesia Di Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah

Nisa Kartika Komara — 2025-07-08

ABSTRACT

Background: Hypertension is known as a "silent killer" due to its often symptomless progression, which can lead to fatal consequences. Many people with hypertension remain unaware of the condition, as it frequently presents no noticeable signs or symptoms. Among the significant risk factors contributing to hypertension, heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure are obesity and high cholesterol levels. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between cholesterol levels, BMI, and blood pressure in elderly individuals. Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional design with a sample of 34 elderly participants. Total cholesterol was measured from capillary blood samples, BMI was calculated based on height and weight, and blood pressure was assessed using a sphygmomanometer. Results: Findings indicate a significant relationship between cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001) as well as diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.002). Similarly, BMI showed a significant association with both systolic (p < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.008). Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant association between cholesterol levels, BMI, and blood pressure in elderly individuals. Cholesterol levels strongly correlate with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while BMI also significantly correlates with systolic and diastolic pressure. Consequently, cholesterol and BMI can be considered critical risk factors influencing blood pressure in the elderly. Effective management of cholesterol levels and body weight is therefore essential in preventing and controlling hypertension in older populations.

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Cholesterol, Elderly, Blood Pressure

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang menyebabkan kematian secara diam-diam atau disebut sillent killer. Banyak orang dengan hipertensi tidak sadar akan gejala dan masalah yang terjadi karena tidak muncul tanda atau gejala sama sekali. Termasuk faktor resiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian hipertensi, serangan jantung, stroke dan gagal ginjal adalah obesitas dan kolesterol tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kadar kolesterol dan IMT dengan tekanan darah pada lansia. Metode: Design dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 34 lansia. Pemeriksaan kolesterol total diukur dari darah kapiler, IMT diukur berdasarkan tinggi badan dan berat badan, dan tekanan darah diukur menggunakan sphygmomanometer. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kadar kolesterol dengan tekanan darah sistol (p<0.0001), sedangkan tekanan darah diastole (p<0.002). Hal yang sama juga terdapat pada IMT yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara IMT dan tekanan darah sistol (p<0.0001), sedangkan tekanan darah diastole (p<0.008). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar kolesterol dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan tekanan darah pada lansia. Kadar kolesterol menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat dengan tekanan darah sistol dan diastol, begitu pula IMT yang juga berhubungan signifikan dengan tekanan darah sistol dan diastol. Oleh karena itu, kadar kolesterol dan IMT dapat dianggap sebagai faktor risiko penting yang mempengaruhi tekanan darah pada lansia, sehingga pengelolaan kolesterol dan berat badan sangat penting dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian hipertensi di populasi lanjut usia.

Kata kunci: Indeks massa tubuh, kolesterol, Lansia, Tekanan Darah.

Relationship Between Mother’s Age, Birth Weight and Prematurity With The Incidence of Asphyxia at RSD Mangusada-Bali

Ni Made Ari Sukmandari — 2025-06-26

Asphyxia neonatorum is a condition where a baby cannot breathe spontaneously and regularly immediately after birth. One of the causes of asphyxia is the mother's age, prematurity and the baby's birth weight. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal age, birth weight, prematurity with the incidence of asphyxia. This research is a correlational study with an analytical description design and uses a cross sectional approach. Respondents in this study were 36 respondents who were selected by accidental sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research instrument used an observation sheet which had previously been tested and the research data was analyzed univariately and bivariately with the Spearman rank test (α = 0.05). The average age of the mother is 31.86 years, the birth weight of the baby is 2,462 grams and the gestational age is 35 weeks with an average APGAR score of 4. The Spearman rank test showed that there was a relationship between maternal age (p value 0.002), birth weight (p value 0.03) and prematurity (0.04) with the incidence of asphyxia at RSD Mangusada. Pregnant women are expected to carry out periodic antenatal care checks and avoid factors inhibiting fetal development during pregnancy.

The Effect Of Fe Tablet Consumption On The Incidence Of Anemia In Female Adolescents At Sma Negeri 1 Praya In Mid-Year 2024: Study Cohort

Aoladul Muqarrobin — 2025-06-26

Anemia is a condition where the hemoglobin level is less than expected according to age and gender. Data from the Ministry of Health in 2013 showed that the prevalence of nutritional anemia in the adolescent age group (≥15 years) was 22.2%. The impact of anemia can cause decreased learning achievement in adolescent girls. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Fe Tablet Consumption on the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Praya Tengah in 2024. The analytical survey research method with a cohort study approach, the population of adolescent girls were students of SMA Negeri 1 Paraya Tengah, a sample of 96 people was divided into two groups, namely the exposed group 48 and the unexposed group 48 people. The results of the study showed that in the exposed group given Fe, the number of anemia cases was 8 (16.7%) and those who were not anemic were 40 (83.3%), while in the unexposed group the number of anemia was 32 (66.7%) and those who were not anemic were 16 (33.3%). The results of the Che-square statistical test showed P <0.001, meaning that there was a relationship between consumption and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls, students of SMA Negeri 1 Praya Tengah. There needs to be information and education activities to increase adolescent knowledge about anemia, in this case the school can collaborate with the nearest Community Health Center to carry out health promotion efforts, especially regarding anemia and efforts to provide healthy canteens at schools that sell nutritious food to prevent students from buying unhealthy snacks.

Impact of Coconut Water (Cocos Nucifera L) on Total Cholesterol Levels of Patients with Hypercholesterol

Ida Ida Djafar — 2025-07-08

High levels of cholesterol in the blood increase the risk of atherosclerosis resulting in lipid plaque formation, especially with increased levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C). This study was conducted to determine the impact of coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) on total cholesterol levels of hypercholesterolemia patients. This type of research is a quasi-experiment. The design used is one group pretest-posttest design, which is research using the same group. Measurements were taken twice before the intervention and after the intervention. The research was conducted in the working area of the Hative Kecil Health Center, Ambon City in September - November 2024. The number of samples was 6 respondents. The pretest research variable shows the mean value obtained is 220.5 mg/dl, the maximum value is 243 mg/dl, the minimum value is 206 and the std. deviation value is 14.7. The posttest variable shows the mean value obtained of 203.8 mg/dl, the maximum value of 238 mg/dl, the minimum value of 183 mg/dl and the std. deviation value of 20.1. The results of the Paired t-Test test, it is known that the significance number shows a value of p = 0.003 < α = 0.05, which means that there is an effect of giving young coconut water (cocos nucifera l.) on total cholesterol levels.

Keywords: total cholesterol; cocos nucifera L.water

Factors Associated with Adolescent Sexual Behavior at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Makassar

Rosita ros passe — 2025-07-08

Unhealthy sexual behavior among adolescents, especially unmarried adolescents, tends to increase. Although sexual behavior and expression of sexuality are normal phenomena, the context in which sexual behavior is expressed can make behavior abnormal or risky. This study uses an analytical observational method with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The population in this study was the total number of students at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Makassar, totaling 114 students. The sample in this study was part of the total number of students, namely 30 samples. The sampling technique used the Purposive Sampling technique. Data analysis was processed using SPSS using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between Knowledge, Parental Roles and Information Sources on Adolescent Sexual Behavior with a ρ-value (0.001)> α (0.05).

The Association of the Childbirth Planning and Complication Prevention (P4K) Program with Reduced Risk of Delivery Complications in Ambon City

Virgin Susilowati — 2025-06-26

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Childbirth Planning and Complication Prevention (P4K) program in reducing birth complications among postpartum women at 24 primary healthcare centers in Ambon City. A cross-sectional design was used with 200 respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using logistic regression. The findings revealed that most respondents had good access to ANC services (78.5%), planned their childbirth (78.1%), and were assisted by health professionals during delivery (78.5%). Complications occurred in 23.5% of cases. Significant correlations were found between complications and standardized ANC (p=0.031), childbirth planning (p=0.035), and skilled birth attendance (p=0.000), while sociodemographic factors showed no significant associations. Notably, mothers without standardized ANC or delivery planning had a 21 times higher risk of complications. Those not assisted by professionals had a 69 times higher risk. The study concludes that the P4K program is crucial in minimizing childbirth risks, emphasizing the importance of ANC, birth planning, and skilled attendance.